建筑师： Piercy&Company
地点：英国萨福克
年份：2009
摄影： Edmund Sumner
工业设计师：Billings Jackson Design
结构设计师：Price & Myers, JP Chick and Partners
木工：Sam Lucas
立面设计：Billings Design Associates
机械工程师：Norman Disney & Young
照明设计：DHA Designs, Zumtobel
钢结构：Commercial Systems International Limited
客户：Jackson Family
该项目修复了一座始建于1802年的圆形石堡，改造成家庭住宅，其保护原则已不仅意在“保存”二字，而是希望为这座“濒危”建筑注入新的生命。
从策略上来说，设计意图清晰地区分对待新旧区域，避免两种建筑风格的拼凑，使现代化的结构尽量少与原有结构接触；让这座饱经沧桑的砌体结构成为主角。崭新的扩建结构曲面屋顶与重新精雕细琢的室内在设计上与这片具有纪念意义的场所及其周围环境极为契合，企图从现代化建造需求与对遗址保护的需要两者之间寻求具有创造性的动力。
将始建于1802年的拿破仑时期的防御石堡改造为21世纪的私人住宅是一项艰难的设计任务。作为登记在案的濒危历史遗迹，又地处这样一个风景秀丽的地方，该项目规划实施的难易程度与复杂的现场物流条件可以说是旗鼓相当。然而最终，这个改造项目赢得了英国古迹署的支持，该机构预计它将成为改造重点历史建筑的典范。
材料与施工
石堡的构造由75万块砖砌成，但其构造的品质并不能一望即知。正如建筑所显现的那样，它为设计设立了标准。新屋顶是一个三维曲线形轻型结构，由钢铁和胶合板构成，由五对Macalloy合金支座支撑。为在场外制作二维切割图案，采用了一个细致的三维模型。屋顶下方的无框弧面玻璃外沿展现出了新旧结构之间的区别，也提供了360度的全景视角。以单层薄膜覆盖的屋顶做退后处理，尽量减小视觉冲击，其中有三个屋顶天窗。屋顶结构体系必须保存在炮台中，并在这里安装，所以其结构是结合在炮台中的。
为了使光线进入地下室，用金刚钻从窗户内侧在4.5米厚的密实砖砌体上打了六个直径为450毫米的孔，露出了其内的卧室、杂物间、双层卧铺房间和卫生间。另外两间卧室还有60毫米的孔，从这里可以窥视西南和西北方向的乡村。
从女儿墙顶端打了几个直径为200毫米的孔，可满足一楼与地下室被动通风系统的需求。这些砖砌管道为水、电、厨房用气与屋顶供暖提供了敷设管线的位置。它们还能容纳地下室与地面楼层的热回收通风系统的进气和排气管道。
Architects: Piercy&Company
Location: Suffolk, UK
Year: 2009
Photographs: Edmund Sumner
Industrial Designers: Billings Jackson Design
Structural Engineer: Price & Myers, JP Chick and Partners
Joinery: Sam Lucas
Facade Design: Billings Design Associates
Mechanical Engineer: Norman Disney & Young
Lighting: DHA Designs, Zumtobel
Steelwork: Commercial Systems International Limited
Client: Jackson Family
By restoring an 1802 Martello Tower and converting it to a family home, the principles of conservation were pushed beyond preservation, instead aiming to breathe new life into the ‘at risk’ structure.
Strategically the intention was to clearly differentiate the old and the new, avoiding pastiche, with the contemporary insertions touching the original fabric as lightly as possible; allowing the heavily textured masonry to be the star. Designed to be extremely sensitive to the monument and its setting, the new curving roof extension and re-sculpted interior seek to gain creative momentum from the tension between modern requirements and the need for heritage conservation.
Converting a Napoleonic era defence tower built in 1808 into a 21st Century private residence was a demanding brief. As a Scheduled Monument on the At Risk register and located in an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, the planning negotiations were matched in complexity by the on-site logistics. Ultimately however, the conversion won the support of English Heritage who heralded it as an exemplar of how to convert significant historical buildings.
Materials and Construction
The tower’s fabric comprises 750,000 bricks but the quality of their construction was not immediately evident. As it was revealed, it set the standard for the design. The new roof is a 3D curved lightweight structure, constructed of steel and laminated plywood, tethered by five pairs of Macalloy bars. A detailed 3D model was used to create 2D cutting patterns for off-site manufacture. A skirt of frameless curved glass below the roof expresses the distinction between old and new as well as providing 360 degree views. The roof, set back to minimize visual impact, is clad in a single ply membrane with three roof lights. The system is elemental as it had to be stored and installed from the gun platform.
In order to bring light into the basement, six 450mm diameter holes were diamond-core drilled through 4.5m of fully bonded brickwork from just inside the window reveals into the magazine bedroom, utility, bunk room and bathrooms. The two other bedrooms have 60mm holes for ‘Camera Obscura’ views of the countryside to the southwest and northwest.
200mm diameter holes were drilled from the top of the parapet to meet the passive ventilation system leading to the ground floor and basement. These brick ducts provide routes for water, electricity, gas for the kitchen and heating to the roof. They also accommodate the supply and exhaust ducts for the heat recovery ventilation system in the basement and ground floors.